Tovara virginiana
Buckwheat Family
Habitat: Woodland and woodland edges
Size: 1-4’ Flower tiny
Notes: Blooms Early August. Flowers may appear Green to greenish white.

Isopyrum biternatum
Buttercup Family
Habitat: Rich Woodland
Size: 4-10”, flower ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms mid April 5 petals. Also known as False Rue Anemone. Rue Anemone has similar leaves and 5-10 petals.

Anemonella thalictroides
Buttercup Family
Habitat: Open woodland
Size: 4-9”, flower ¾”
Notes: Blooms mid-Late April 5-10 petals. Rue Anemone and Isopyrum have similar leaves. Isopyrum has five petals.

Eupatorium perfoliatum
Composite Family
Habitat: low meadows
Size: 2-5’ flowers in small heads
Notes: Blooms early August. Opposite leaves are fused together and pierced by the stem making this plant easily identifiable.

Aster lateriflorus
Composite Family
Habitat: Fields and woodland edges
Size: 1-4’ Flowers ¼ - ½”
Notes: Blooms late September. Leaves are toothed in the center of the margin and if they clasp around the stem they only do so slightly.

Elephantopus carolinianus
Composite Family
Habitat: Woodlands
Size: 2-3’ Flowers ½”
Notes: Blooms Early September.

Erigeron phildelphicus
Composite Family
Habitat: Open areas, woodland edges, along roads
Size: 6-30”, flower ½-1”
Notes: Blooms late April-early May. Common Fleabane Averages 100-150 rays. Color can range from white to light pink or rose

Erigeron annus
Composite Family
Habitat: fields and road sides
Size: 1-5’ flowers ½-1”
Notes: Blooms mid June into summer
Folklore and Facts:¹Daisy Fleabane is a winter annual meaning its seeds sprout in the summer and the resulting rosette of leaves ride out the winter weather. This strategy has several advantages; most notably it allows the plant to get a jump start on the summer annuals that start growing in the spring. A specialized leaf structure allows this plant to absorb heat from the sun in order to warm it above freezing therefore allowing it produce food for storage in its roots and leaves that it can used in the spring to get a jump start on the competition

Aster pilosus
Composite Family
Habitat: Fields and roadsides.
Size: 1-5’ Flowers ¼ - ¾”
Notes: Blooms late September.

Eupatorium serotinum
Composite Family
Habitat: Moist woodland, and clearings
Size: 1-5’ Flowers tiny
Notes: Blooms early September.Similar to White Snakeroot but leaves are longer stalked and longer in general shape than those of white snakeroot.

Chrysanthemum leucanthemumI (Non-Native)
Composite Family
Habitat: Fields and meadows
Size: 1-3’ Flowers ½ - ¾”
Notes: Blooms late May early June
Folklore and Facts: Oxeye daisy belongs to the composite family so named because each flower is actually composed of many individuals of two separate types of flowers. The disk flowers form the well known “yellow center” of oxeye daisy while the ray flowers are the ones children systematically pluck in order to find true love. 1The Latin name of oxeye daisy Chrysanthemum leucanthemum describes these feature. It translate to “gold flower, white flower”.

Aster vimineus
Composite Family
Habitat: Fields and roadsides
Size:1-5’ Flowers ¼ - ½”
Notes: Blooms late September.

Eupatorium rugosum
Composite Family
Habitat: Rich woodlands
Size: 1-5’ Flower heads about as broad as high
Notes: Blooms early August.

Achillea millefolium (Non-Native)
Composite Family
Habitat: fields and roadsides
Size: 1-3’
Notes: Blooms mid June
Folklore and Facts: 1The Latin Achillea refers to the Greek story in which Achillies brought yarrow with him in the war against Troy to help heal the wounds of his soldiers. The plant was used as a styptic for hundreds of years. The leaves were also steeped and the tea used to cure everything from baldness to the common cold.

Floerkea proserpinacoides
False Mermaid Family
Habitat: Moist woodlands, stream sides
Size: 4-15” may not be erect, flower is tiny
Notes: Bloomsmid April Tiny white flowers may appear green due to the sepals which are larger than the flower petals.

Veronicastrum virginicum
Figwort Family
Habitat: Forest and meadow
Size: 2-7’ Flowers tiny growing in spikes
Notes: Blooms early August

Penstemon digitalis
Figwort Family
Habitat: Woodland edges fields.
Size: 1-4’ Flowers 1”
Notes: Blooms mid June

Trillium Cernuum
Lily Family
Habitat: Moist Woodland
Size: 6-20”, flower ½-1 ½”
Notes: Blooms early April. 3 petals, white to pale pink. Long flower stem bent bearing flower below leaves. Petals recurved.
Folklore and Facts: Trilliums produce a structure called a strophiole on their seeds that attracts ants. After dragging the seed back to the nest the ants dine on the strophiole then discard the seed thus the trillium is able to distribute its seeds. Once the seed is buried it must go through the freeze thaw cycle of winter before it germinates. 1The first year it will produce a root underground. Year 2 it will produce a single small leaf that will die back after a month or so. In the third year it will produce a single large leaf. This stage may repeat for 1 or more years. After 4 or 5 years the plant will produce the namesake 3 leaf structure. That stage may last 1 or two years. Finally on a beautiful spring day 5-7 years after the ant carried the seed away from the parent plant a flower will form, go to seed and start the entire cycle over again. The long period of time it take for these plants to mature along with over harvesting of wild plants by dishonest plant dealers is a main reason why most of the trilliums in the Eastern United States are becoming more and more rare or endangered.

Erythronium albidum
Lily Family
Habitat: Moist Woodland
Size: 3-8”, flower ¾-1 ½”
Notes: Blooms late March-early April. Single flower on stem petals recurved. Leaves mottled slightly brown to no mottling.

Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
Mint Family
Habitat: Dry fields and woodlands
Size: 1-3’ flower small occurring in rounded heads
Notes: Blooms mid July

Convolvulus sepium
Morning Glory Family
Habitat: Moist fields and meadows
Size: Vine, Flowers 1 ½ - 3”
Notes: Blooms mid July

Dentaria laciniata
Mustard Family
Habitat: Rich woodland
Size: 8-15”, flower ½-1”
Notes: Blooms early-mid April. Flowers white to pink 4 petals. Three leaves are whorled with three sharply toothed lobes.

Alliaria officinalis (non-native invasive)
Mustard Family
Habitat: Open woodland and disturbed areas
Size: 1-3’ flower ¼-1/3”
Notes: Blooms mid April This invasive, if left to its own devises, can cause extreme damage to native wildflower areas by spreading rapidly and out competing our native species. Contact the Hamilton County Park District for information on how to control this noxious weed.

Dentaria maxima
Mustard Family
Habitat: Rich woodland
Size: 6-16”, flower ½-1”
Notes: Blooms early April. 3 alternate leaves with 3 toothed leaflets. White- pale purple flowers

Cardamine parviflora
Mustard Family
Habitat: Dray woods, sandy areas
Size: 4-10”, flower is tiny
Notes: Bloomsmid-late March 2-6 pairs of small leaflets, tiny flowers.

Draba verna (Non-native)
Mustard Family
Habitat: Dry Fields, Lawns
Size: Grows low to the ground flower tiny
Notes: Blooms early-mid April Flowers very small with 4 notched petals

Erigenia bulbosa
Parsley Family
Habitat: Open woodland
Size: < 10”, flower is tiny
Notes: Bloomsmid March. Tiny white flowers in Umbels, plant 10” Also known as Salt and Pepper.

Daucus carotaI (Non-Native)
Parsley Family
Habitat: Dry fields, disturbed areas, roadsides.
Size: 1-3’ Flower umbel 2-4”
Notes: Blooms mid July. Note the maroon or purplish flower in the center of the umbel.
Folklore and Facts: ¹Queen Anne's Lace was used historically as a medicinal herb to treat a variety of ailments. Early settlers ate the root of the plant but it was stringy and distasteful. It wasn't until the early 1900's that scientists realized the importance of vitamin A and began the process of selectively breeding a subspecies of queen anne's lace into the modern carrot.

Eryngium yuccifolium
Parsley Family
Habitat: Woodlands or open area wet or dry soil
Size: 2-5’ Flower heads ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms mid July

Stellaria media (Non-Native)
Pink Family
Habitat: Lawns, waste places, roadsides and other disturbed areas.
Size: Low growing”, flower is very small
Notes: Blooms Spring-Fall sometimes winter The 5 petals of this flower may appear as 10 due to the fact that they are deeply lobed.

Stellaria pubera
Pink Family
Habitat: Woodland
Size: 6-16” Low along ground , flower ½”
Notes: Blooms mid-late April. The 5 petals of this flower may appear as 10 due to the fact that they are deeply lobed. Also known as Star Chickweed.

Phytolacca Americana
Pokeweed Family
Habitat: Moist areas
Size: Over 3’ Flowers ¼”
Notes: Blooms late July

Sanguinaria canadensis
Poppy Family
Habitat: Rich woodland
Size: 3-6”, flower 1-1 ½”
Notes: Blooms late March-early May. A breeze or light spring shower may knock the petals off of this delicate flower. Blooms may only last a few days. Start looking for this flower early and check back often so you don’t miss it.

Dicentra cucullaria
Poppy Family
Habitat: Rich woodland.
Size: 5-9”, flower ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms early-mid April. Fragile white flowers resembling up-side-down pants. Leaves divided.

Dicentra Canadensis
Poppy Family
Habitat: Rich woodland
Size: 6-12”, flower ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms mid-late April. Spurs rounded like bleeding hearts, not elongated as in Dutchman’s Breeches.

Dodecatheon meadia
Primrose Family
Habitat: Shady steam banks
Size: 6-20”
Notes: Blooms late April. Flowers may be white, pink or purple

Claytonia virginica
Purslane Family
Habitat: Moist woodland
Size: 3-7”, flower ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms late March-early May white to light pink flowers with dark pink veins.

Saxifraga virginiensis
Saxifrage Family
Habitat: Dry woods and shady banks
Size: 4-12”, flower is tiny
Notes: Blooms mid April Only has basil leaves. No leaves on flower stalk

Euphorbia corollata
Spurge Famly
Habitat: Dry Fields, Open woods
Size: 1-3’ flowers ¼”
Notes: Blooms mid July. Juice in milky

Sedum ternatum
Stonecrop family
Habitat: Damp banks and slopes
Size: 3-8”, flower ½”
Notes: Blooms mid-late April Fleshy leaves in whorls of 3 stems creep along ground

Viola incognita
Violet Family
Habitat: Moist woodland
Size: flower ~1”
Notes: Blooms late April Leaves heart-shaped with pointed tips. Leaf and flower stems are hairy.
Folklore and Facts: Give a bouquet of violet flowers to a loved one and there thoughts of love will be yours. 1This is how the pansy (a cultivated violet) whose name comes from the French “pansée” (meaning thought or remembrance) got its name.

Hydrophyllum canadense
Waterleaf Family
Habitat: Fertile Woodland
Size: 8-24” flower ½”
Notes: Blooms late May-early June

Sagittaria latifolia
Water Plantain Family
Habitat: Shallow water and wetlands.
Size: 1-2’ Flowers 1 – 1 ½”
Notes: Blooms late July. Large “arrowhead” shaped leaves and showy white flowers make this plant hard to miss.