Campanula rapunculoides (Non-Native)
Bluebell Family
Habitat: Fields and along roads
Size: 1-3’ flowers1-1 ½”
Notes: Blooms mid June

Mertensia virginica
Borage Family
Habitat: Rich woodlands
Size: 1-2’, flower 1”
Notes: Blooms early April

Delphinium tricorne
Buttercup Family
Habitat: Woodland, rocky banks
Size: 8-30”, flower 1-1½”
Notes: Blooms mid April

Cirsium altissimum
Composite Family
Habitat: Fields and roadsides
Size: 3-7’ flowers 1 ½ - 2”
Notes: Blooms mid August.
Folklore and Facts: When the thistle is blooming in July that is a clue that American Goldfinches are nesting as well. Goldfinches depend on the seeds and seed plumes of thistle and other late summer bloomers for nest construction and feeding of there young.

Eupatorium fistulosum
Composite Family
Habitat: Wet meadows
Size: 2-7’
Notes: Blooms early to mid August. Stem is hollow normally 6 leaves in a whorl.
Folklore and Facts: 1Joe-Pye Weed is thought to have gotten its name from the Native American Joe Pye who showed early colonists how to use the plant to relieve the symptoms of typhus fever.

Aster novae-angeliae
Composite Family
Habitat: Fields
Size: 2-8’ Flowers 1-2”
Notes: Blooms late September

Echinacea purpurea
Composite Family
Habitat: Prairies, dry fields
Size: 2-5’
Notes: Blooms mid July

Liatris spicata
Composite Family
Habitat: Prairies
Size: 1-5’
Notes: Blooms late July

Lactuca biennis
Composite Family
Habitat: moist fields and open woods
Size: up to 15’ Flowers ½”
Notes: Blooms early September Pappus brown

Lactuca floridana floridana
Composite Family
Habitat: Moist fields and woods
Size: 3-7’ Flowers ½”
Notes: Blooms early September. Pappus white. Leaves deeply lobed. There is also an unlobed variety (See Lactuca floridana villosa)

Lactuca floridana villosa
Composite Family
Habitat: Moist fields and woods
Size: 3-7’ Flowers ½”
Notes: Blooms early September. Pappus white. Leaves unlobed. There is also a lobed variety (See Lactuca floridana floridana)

Vernonia altissima
Composite Family
Habitat: Moist meadows
Size: 3-10’
Notes: Blooms early August

Centaurea vochinensis (Non-Native)
Composite Family
Habitat: Disturbed areas and roadsides
Size: 1-3’ Flowers ¾-1 ¾”
Notes: Blooms early August

Collinsia verna
Figwort Family
Habitat: Damp Woodlands
Size: 6-18”, flower ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms Mid-Late April

Geranium maculatum
Geranium Family
Habitat: Woodlands
Size: 1-2’, flower1-1 ½”
Notes: Blooms Late April.
Folklore and Facts: 1 Wild Geranium has had many medicinal uses over the years. Native Americans dried the roots and ground them into a powder that was used as a styptic or mixed with water and used as a gargle to treat sore throat. This plant was considered so valuable that it was listed at one time in the United States pharmacopoei.

Iris versicolor
Iris Family
Habitat: Marshes, Lake and pond shores and other wet areas.
Size: 1-3’ Flowers 4”
Notes: Blooms late May early June. Note yellow veins of flowers. Leaves are ½ - 1” wide. One of our more showy wildflowers.
Folklore and Facts: 1 Historically the flower of kings the three parts of the iris blossom represented wisdom, faith and courage. The word Iris is Greek for rainbow, a befitting name for this royal flower.

Muscari botryoides (Non-Native)
Lily Family
Habitat: Fields, lawns and roadsides
Size: 6-8”, flower 1/ 8”
Notes: Blooms late March-early April

Scilla siberica(non-native)
Lily Family
Habitat: Moist Shade. Escaped from gardens
Size: 5-8”, flower 1-1 ½”
Notes: Blooms late March

Glechoma hederacea (Non-Native)
Mint Family
Habitat: Lawns, disturbed areas
Size: Stem creeping along ground, flower 1/ 3-½”
Notes: Blooms late April

Prunella vulgaris
Mint Family
Habitat: Fields, and roadsides.
Size: 1’ or Less
Notes: Blooms mid August

Physostegia virginiana
Mint Family
Habitat: Moist banks and fields
Size: 1-5’ Flowers ¾ – 1”
Notes: Blooms late August to early September

Lamium purpureum (Non-Native)
Mint Family
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed areas
Size: flower 1/ 3-¾”
Notes: Blooms spring to fall. Note the square stem, a trait of the mint family.

Monarda fistulosa
Mint Family
Habitat: Woodland edges, meadows
Size: 2-3’ Flower heads about 2”
Notes: Blooms mid July

Desmodium glabellum
Pea Family
Habitat: Dry woodland edges
Size: 1-3’ Flowers ¼ - ½”
Notes: Blooms early August

Trifolum pretense (Non-Native)
Pea Family
Habitat: Fields, meadows and disturbed areas.
Size: 6-24”
Notes: Blooms mid June.
Folklore and Facts: If you are feeling the need for some good luck hunt a four leaf clover. You can comb through the leaves of white clover in your lawn but you are far more likely to find your quarry by checking over a red clover as they are more likely to produce a leaf with four leaflets.

Polemonium reptans
Phlox Family
Habitat: Rich Woodlands
Size: 6-18”, flower ½-¾”
Notes: Blooms mid April. Stamens do not protrude beyond the flower petals as in Jacob’s Ladder, also tends to bloom earlier. Has fewer leaflets (11-17) on lower leaves.

Phlox paniculata
Phlox Family
Habitat: woodlands and woodland edges
Size: 2-6’ Flowers ½ - 1”
Notes: Blooms late July

Phlox divacarta
Phlox Family
Habitat: Woodlands
Size: 1-2’, flower ~1”
Notes: Blooms mid April

Pontederia cordata
Pickerelweed Family
Habitat: River, pond or lake edges.
Size: 1-3’ Flower grow in spikes 3-4” long
Notes: Blooms late July early August

Commelina communis (Non-native)
Spiderwort Family
Habitat: Woodlands, Roadsides, disturbed areas
Size: 6-15”
Notes: Blooms late August to early September. Lower petal is very small and white giving this flower the appearance of having only 2 petals.

Verbena hastata
Vervain Family
Habitat: Moist meadows
Size: 2-6’ Flowers ~1/3”
Notes: Blooms early August.
Folklore and Facts: 1 Vervain belongs to the Genus Verbena which means sacred plant. Vervain was once thought to have magical. Some claimed it was a great love potion and others said witches used it to cast spells.

Viola papilionacea
Violet Family
Habitat: Meadows and moist woodland
Size: 3-8”
Notes: Blooms mid-late April
Long flower stem born from base of plant. Leaf stems noticeably longer than leafs. Flower stem mostly smooth.
Folklore and Facts: Give a bouquet of violet flowers to a loved one and there thoughts of love will be yours. 1This is how the pansy (a cultivated violet) whose name comes from the French “pansée” (meaning thought or remembrance) got its name.

Hydrophyllum appendiculatum
Waterleaf Family
Habitat: Rich woodlands
Size: 1-2’, flower 1/ 3”
Notes: Blooms Late April Flowers born above stem leaves, stamen protrude beyond flower petals.

Phacelia purshii
Waterleaf Family
Habitat: Rich Woodland
Size: 6-18”, flower ½”
Notes: Blooms mid-late April

Oxalis violacea
Wood Sorrel Family
Habitat: Rich woodland hillsides
Size: 4-8”, flower ½”
Notes: Blooms mid-late April